<p>This collection is a continuation of large-scale research work in the Caspian Sea region and specifically describes the main soil types formed in the southern semi-desert zone of the Volga-Ural River region. This area is the driest part of the Caspian Lowlands and has extremely low agricultural development. The vast space in semi-desert areas has been used for animal husbandry since ancient times. Agricultural development in the area requires irrigation-irrigation and water supply under strict compliance with a series of improvement measures (designed to prevent secondary salinization and leakage losses due to the dominance of rock and soil composed of light machinery) and agricultural technical measures (designed to improve the agrophysical properties of the soil). The collection begins with a section describing the nature of the southern Volga-Ural region. The second part is devoted to a systematic description of soil; the third part describes soil formations on eolian sand in the Caspian lowlands. The analysis and processing of materials are conducted by the Chemical Laboratory of the Institute of Soil Research in.Г. Ilikovskaya (.Г. Under the leadership of 丨 льковская), led by the chemist К.Я. Dorohova, А.Л. Bulayeva, Un.А. Kamenneh,.М. Konovarova, 丨.Г. Rusakova, Un.А. Andreeva (К.Я.Дорохова, А.Л.Булаева, Н.А.Каменных, Э.М.Коновалова, Г.Г.Русакова, Н.А.Андре ева) completed. </p>