This book is a collection of papers that collects the research results of dry and hot winds during the Soviet period. It is based on the report read out at the seminar on dry and hot winds held by the Institute of Geography of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union in December 1953. Dry, hot winds and drought are regarded as the main unfavorable natural phenomena that prevent crops from achieving high yields. The dry hot wind formed by the interaction between atmospheric processes and the underlying surface can cause disorder of plant water conditions, burns and wilting. However, the definition of research tasks and terms has long been ambiguous, and there are obvious differences of opinion among various parties. The authors of the collection include climatologists, meteorologists and geophysicists from the Soviet Academy of Sciences, Hydrometeorological and Agricultural Research Institutions, and many universities. The content focuses on the credibility and geographical conditions of dry hot wind indicators, air subsidence and adjacent areas. Controversial issues such as the role of advection of warm air in the cause of formation, the impact of wind on the formation of dry hot wind, the observation and calculation methods of underlying surface evaporation, and the effectiveness of prevention and control measures are unfolded. In addition to the reports read out at the meeting, several papers were also included that helped to comprehensively understand the issue. The editor deliberately includes articles with conflicting views, so that controversial issues become the subject of extensive scientific discussion. The collection of works more comprehensively reflects the understanding and differences of the Soviet academic circles on the issue of dry and hot winds at that time, in order to promote more targeted research and accelerate the exploration of effective ways to prevent and control the harm of dry and hot winds.