<p>This monograph is divided into three parts. The first part is the classification system and morphological characteristics of fungi, which describes in detail the microstructure of Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and other groups, such as the telispore morphology of Puccinia and the appurtenant filament characteristics of Erysiphe. It also records for the first time the classification data of 184 species of fungi in 21 genera in Kazakhstan, including the collection places of model specimens and synonyms. The second part explores the relationship between ecological distribution and host. Based on field surveys from 1930 to 1949, it reveals the distribution laws of fungi in ecological areas such as desert grasslands and mountainous forests. For example, the dominant bacterial groups in arid areas are Aspergillus and powdery mildew., while rust is more abundant in high-altitude areas. At the same time, the impact of temperature and precipitation on the spread of fungi and the pathogenicity of host plants (such as wheat and alfalfa) were analyzed. The third part is about fungal resources and application value. It evaluates the antibacterial activity of medicinal fungi (such as Armillaria mellea), the nutritional value of edible fungi, and the economic impact of Usmaria on crops (such as causing wheat production to decrease by 15%-20%), and proposes a strategy of combining biological control (antagonistic microorganisms) and chemical control (sulfur mixture). The full text integrates taxonomic, ecological and applied scientific data and provides important basic data for the study of Central Asian spore plants. </p>