1) Data collection method: In April 2018, scientific researchers from the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography of China Academy of Sciences went to southern, central and central and eastern Tajikistan to conduct systematic surveys and samples on the plant composition, productivity, soil nutrients, soil microorganisms, etc. of the winter, spring, summer and autumn pastures. Through family questionnaire surveys, we learned in detail the composition characteristics and quantity of livestock, grazing methods, family income, grassland protection awareness, etc. Based on the survey results, 17 typical degraded and enclosed grassland sample points were selected for plant and soil investigation and sampling. A 1m×1m sample square was arranged. After removing ground litter, the plum blossom sampling method was used and soil drills were used to drill soil samples at a depth of 0-10cm. Three samples were sampled repeatedly from each sampling point. 500g of soil was collected from each sample point through the five-point quartering method. The soil samples were put into sealed plastic bags, two labels were written with a pencil, and one was placed in a cloth bag. Fold the side with the words inwards. The other is tied outside the cloth bag. Fill in the sample number (sampling location, soil name, sampling depth, sampling date, sampling person, etc.) on the label and send it to the laboratory for testing. 2) Soil nutrient analysis method: Take part of the soil samples, remove plant roots and stones from the soil samples, grind them through a 2 mm soil sieve, and use the isopotential method to measure the soil pH using a Mettler equipotential instrument; Soil organic carbon was determined by potassium dichromate-external heating method, soil total nitrogen was determined by Kjeldahl nitrogen determination method, soil total phosphorus was determined by sulfuric acid-perchlorchloric acid-flow analyzer, soil available nitrogen was determined by alkaline hydrolysis distillation method, soil available phosphorus was determined by NaHCO3 extraction-molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method, and soil total potassium was determined by flame photometer method. The resulting data can be used to analyze soil fertility. 3) Soil particle size analysis: The remaining soil samples remain in the original soil state. After being naturally air-dried, soil particle size analysis is carried out using a SEDIMA 4-12 particle size analyzer. The result data can be used to analyze soil texture.

This dataset comes from the field sample plot survey and indoor analysis and testing of the standardized system. From sample point selection, sample site setting, preliminary preparation for survey, survey sampling, and indoor analysis, the data quality is controlled throughout the process. Data quality control before investigation: Through careful analysis of grassland degradation, 17 representative typical grassland ecosystems were selected. At the same time, a systematic survey and sampling specification plan was formulated, and based on this plan, technical training was provided to all personnel involved in field survey and sampling to reduce human error as much as possible. Data quality control during investigation and sampling: The collection of soil samples shall be carried out in accordance with the soil sample collection specifications, and attention shall be paid to the numbering of standard clear samples to facilitate sample pretreatment and analysis and testing in the laboratory. After completing the investigation of each sample party, investigators immediately checked the original recorded data so that problematic data could be corrected in a timely manner. After the field investigation is completed, investigators and recorders further check the completed sample data and supplement relevant information; the paper version of the data is entered into the computer and then checked again, and the paper data is properly preserved. Indoor analytical testing and post-test data quality control: After the soil samples are brought back to the laboratory, the pretreatment of the samples is quickly completed. Then, according to the experimental schedule and referring to standard analysis methods, the sample testing work is completed on time and with quality. After the test of each indicator is completed, the experimental data will be entered into the computer in time, and at the same time, it will be checked for abnormal values. The compiled data set is first self-checked by the experimenter and then delivered to the experts for final review and revision to ensure the authenticity and reliability of the data set.