<p>This data comes from the book "Soil of Almaty Region", Volume 4 of the series "Soil of the Kazakhstan Soviet Socialist Republic" compiled by the Institute of Soil Science of the Academy of Sciences of the Kazakhstan Soviet Socialist Republic in 1962. The complete set of books consists of 16 volumes. It was written under the guidance of the Soviet reclamation movement in 1954 and on the basis of soil field surveys organized by the Ministry of Agriculture or local government departments in various states. Experts and scholars from the Institute of Soil Research of the Kazakhstan Academy of Sciences collected, sorted and comprehensively studied historical data and field survey data. The purpose of soil survey is to understand the situation of agricultural land and unreclaimed land during the reclamation period and select suitable reclaimed land for planting. The results formed served the agricultural production and agricultural planning of various regions (prefectures) of Kazakhstan at that time. </p> <p>The book "Soil of Almaty Prefecture" describes the soil morphological characteristics, soil physical and chemical properties, geographical distribution and land cover conditions of Almaty Prefecture (Southwest) and Tardikurgan Prefecture (Northeast). The data mainly comes from land cover research and soil surveys in Almaty Prefecture and even Kazakhstan in 1907, soil vegetation survey data from the Immigration Bureau before 1917, and soil surveys carried out nationwide after 1928. The first national land cover monograph "Soil of Kazakhstan" in 1935, the manuscript "Soil of Almaty Region" by the Institute of Soil Research of the Kazakh SSR Academy of Sciences in 1950, and supplementary survey data from some areas in the middle and late stages of reclamation. The book describes in detail the natural geographical conditions of Almaty Prefecture, the historical evolution of soil research, mountain soil conditions, soil classification system, soil natural zoning, and soil agricultural production assessment. The chemical analysis of soil samples in the book was completed by the laboratory of the Institute of Soil Research, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan. </p> <p>In 2017, the Central Asian Ecology and Environment Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences obtained a scanned copy of this book from the Library of the Kazakhstan Academy of Sciences through an international cooperation project. The research team reviewed the resolution, storage format, and whether there is compression, etc. of the PDF scanned files in accordance with domestic archives industry standards. The scanning quality was reviewed, and then the data tables with "soil profile" information were selected from the scanned files, and the pages where these data tables were located were OCR recognized to generate xls format files. The identification results were also inspected for quality; Russian professionals were organized to translate and organize the preface, chapter summaries and soil data table headers in the book, and the Chinese header information and content data were combined to form a spreadsheet version of "Soil Data of Almaty Oblast of Kazakhstan, 1962." Soil professionals corrected the header information with professional terms, and the data included 364 profile sampling points. The numerical values, decimal places, and units of measurement have not been modified and have been checked by multiple people many times. </p>