TY  - Data
T1  - Nomadic cultural sites in South Kazakhstan
A1  - Documentation Information Center
DO  - 10.12389/ariddc.02369
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026-09-16
PB  - Arid Land Ecology and Resources Science Data Center
AB  - At the end of the first millennium BCE and during the first half of the first millennium CE, the vast territory of Southern Kazakhstan was occupied by the state of Kangju, one of the great powers of the East. Its sphere of influence extended from the Talas and Fergana regions in the east, to the southern Aral Sea area in the northwest, to the steppes of Central Kazakhstan in the north, and to Central Asia in the south. The geographical localization of Kangju, the determination of the distribution area of the Kangju tribes, the identification of their linguistic affiliation, the correlation of Kangju with specific archaeological cultures, and the dating of those cultures together constitute the so-called “Kangju Problem,” which has not yet been fully resolved.In recent years, interest in the study of agricultural and pastoral cultural sites in the Syr Darya basin, the Arys Valley, the Talas foothill zone, and the Karzhantau and Karatau regions has increased sharply. Excavations in the Zhetyasar region, initiated by S. P. Tolstov, have been successfully continued by the archaeological unit of the Khorezm Archaeological-Ethnographic Expedition under the leadership of L. M. Levina.The resolution of the Kangju Problem has become one of the major objectives of the archaeological expeditions of the Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR and the Chimkent Pedagogical Institute. Surveys, selective excavations, and topographical and stratigraphic investigations of settlements in the Arys River basin and the middle reaches of the Syr Darya began in the late 1960s under the Semirechye Expedition, were later continued by the Otrar Expedition, and from 1971 onward were conducted by the South Kazakhstan Complex Archaeological Expedition headed by K. A. Akishev. As a result of these investigations, numerous settlements and urban sites were discovered and examined in the Kyzylkum and Turkestan regions, while burial grounds at Borijar, Kokmardan, and Maulamardan were excavated near Kok
DB  - EGIDC
UR  - https://data.dcxjegi.cn/portal/metadata/2ce95d2e-06a1-40bf-acdf-3fe4f77ffb04
ER  -