中国科学院天山积雪雪崩研究站建于1967年，是中国和中亚地区唯一进行长时间积雪雪崩监测和专业研究的野外观测站。该站长期开展野外气候、积雪、冻土和雪崩定位观测、水文过程和雪崩形成机理研究、防灾减灾技术研发、集成、示范与推广、合作交流、人才培养、科普教育等，目前主要从事积雪灾害的防御与治理，以及积雪特性、积雪水文和雪灾对全球气候变化响应等相关问题研究。\n
该数据集整理了中国科学院天山积雪雪崩站1967年至2021年人工地面纸质记录资料，然后修补并人工录入所有数据。该数据集为区域生态安全和基础设施建设顺利实施提供科技基础，并促进气候变化、干旱区积雪水文水资源、雪灾学和季节性冻土研究等学科发展需求。\n
数据属性信息主要包括：\n
（1）1967～2021年天山积雪雪崩站逐日平均气温数据；单位为℃；\n
（2）1967～2021年天山积雪雪崩站逐日最大气温数据；单位为℃；\n
（3）1967～2021年天山积雪雪崩站逐日最小气温数据；单位为℃；\n
（4）1967～2021年天山积雪雪崩站逐日大气压数据；单位为Pa；\n
（5）1967～2021年天山积雪雪崩站逐日水汽压数据；单位为hPa；\n
（6）1967～2021年天山积雪雪崩站相对湿度数据；\n
（7）1967～2021年天山积雪雪崩站逐日风速数据；单位为m/s；\n
（8）1967～2021年天山积雪雪崩站逐日降水量数据；单位为mm；\n
（9）1967～2021年天山积雪雪崩站逐日蒸发数据；单位为mm。", "ds_source": "
按相关气象观测规范进行数据观测，观测时间为每天北京时间2: 00、8: 00、14: 00、20: 00时，并记录观测场内3个温度计、湿度计、气压计、2个风速仪、雨量筒和蒸发皿数据。", "ds_process_way": "
将该站点1967年11月1日-2021年12月31日地面纸质记录材料进行整理，修补和装订，统一数据属性信息并人工录入所有数据。", "ds_quality": "
（1）首先检查数据的观测数目及观测时间的完整性。（2）然后通过数值图示判断异常值并进行检查和校正，另一方面对数据格式进行统一与规范。（3）最后整合所有数据，得到完整、准确、格式一致的数据集，确保数据的准确性。", "ds_acq_start_time": "1967-11-01 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2021-12-31 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "天山积雪雪崩站气象观测场,伊犁", "ds_acq_lon_east": 84.4, "ds_acq_lat_south": 43.25, "ds_acq_lon_west": 84.4, "ds_acq_lat_north": 43.25, "ds_acq_alt_low": 1776.0, "ds_acq_alt_high": 1776.0, "ds_share_type": "login-access", "ds_total_size": 2596315, "ds_files_count": 2, "ds_format": "excel", "ds_space_res": null, "ds_time_res": "日", "ds_coordinate": "WGS84", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "7f9913a8-e156-481e-9d72-dffa166ac21e.png", "ds_thumb_from": 0, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "c830a4c9-c305-43bf-adde-430eb9a7a919", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "170.45" ], "quality_level": 1, "publish_time": "2025-12-08 11:51:59", "first_publish_time": null, "last_updated": "2025-12-12 17:44:46", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "33110.11.ariddc.00202", "license": null, "extra": null, "files_shape": [ { "name": "The_meteorological_and_hydrological_observation_dataset_from_the_Tianshan_Station_for_Snow_Cover_and_Avalanche_Research__(1967-2021).zip", "size": null, "is_dir": true } ], "features": null, "data_level": 0, "i18n": { "en": { "title": "Meteorological and hydrological observation data sets at Tianshan Snow Avalanche Research Station (1967-2021)", "ds_abstract": "
The Tianshan Snow Avalanche Research Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was established in 1967. It is the only field observation station in China and Central Asia that conducts long-term snow avalanche monitoring and professional research. The station has long carried out localized observations of field climate, snow cover, frozen soil and avalanches, research on hydrological processes and avalanche formation mechanisms, research and development, integration, demonstration and promotion of disaster prevention and reduction technologies, cooperation and exchanges, talent training, science education, etc. It is currently mainly engaged in the prevention and management of snow disasters, as well as research on related issues such as snow cover characteristics, snow cover hydrology and snow disaster response to global climate change.\n
This dataset compiles artificial ground paper records from 1967 to 2021 at the Tianshan Snow Avalanche Station of the China Academy of Sciences, and then repairs and manually enters all data. This dataset provides a scientific and technological foundation for the smooth implementation of regional ecological security and infrastructure construction, and promotes the development needs of disciplines such as climate change, snow cover hydrology and water resources in arid areas, snow disaster science and seasonal frozen soil research.\n
Data attribute information mainly includes:\n
(1) Daily average temperature data at the Tianshan Snow Avalanche Station from 1967 to 2021; unit is in ℃;\n
(2) Daily maximum temperature data at Tianshan Snow Avalanche Station from 1967 to 2021; unit is in ℃;\n
(3) Daily minimum temperature data at the Tianshan Snow Avalanche Station from 1967 to 2021; unit is in ℃;\n
(4) Daily atmospheric pressure data from the Tianshan Snow Avalanche Station from 1967 to 2021; unit is Pa;\n
(5) Daily water vapor pressure data from the Tianshan Snow Avalanche Station from 1967 to 2021; unit is hPa;\n
(6) Relative humidity data from the Tianshan Snow Avalanche Station from 1967 to 2021;\n
(7) Daily wind speed data at the Tianshan Snow Avalanche Station from 1967 to 2021; unit is m/s;\n
(8) Daily precipitation data at the Tianshan Snow Avalanche Station from 1967 to 2021; unit is in mm;\n
(9) Daily evaporation data from the Tianshan Snow Avalanche Station from 1967 to 2021; the unit is in mm.", "ds_source": "
Data observations were conducted according to relevant meteorological observation specifications. The observation time was 2: 00, 8: 00, 14: 00, and 20: 00 Beijing time every day, and 3 thermometers, hygrometers, barometers, and 2 anemometers in the observation field were recorded. Data from anemometers, rain cans and evaporation pans were recorded.", "ds_process_way": "
Organize, repair and bind the ground paper recording materials of the site from November 1, 1967 to December 31, 2021, unify data attribute information and manually enter all data.", "ds_quality": "
(1) First check the integrity of the number of observations and observation time of the data. (2) Then judge abnormal values through numerical illustrations, check and correct them. On the other hand, unify and standardize the data format. (3) Finally integrate all data to obtain a complete, accurate and consistent data set to ensure the accuracy of the data.", "ds_acq_place": "Tianshan Snow Avalanche Station Meteorological Observation Site, Ili", "ds_format": "excel", "ds_time_res": "on" } }, "license_type": null, "doi_reg_from": "reg_local", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_local", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "伊犁", "气象", "天山", "蒸发", "降水" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "地理学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "伊犁", "天山积雪雪崩站气象观测场" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 1967, 2021 ], "ds_contributors": [ " 李兰海", "郝建盛", "刘明哲", "王海存", "魏雯瑜", "楚懿" ], "ds_meta_authors": [ " 李兰海", "郝建盛", "刘明哲", "王海存", "魏雯瑜", "楚懿" ], "ds_managers": [ " 李兰海" ], "category": "气象" }