在1959—1965年苏联国民经济发展的计划中，提高农作物产量和社会畜牧业生产率的相关措施占有重要地位。为了顺利解决这些问题，必须详细研究我国的土壤覆盖，以便对土壤进行质量评估并发现新的土地资源以纳入农业生产，同时还要全面研究土壤的农业生产力特性，以制定区域性的农业技术和组织经济措施。\n土壤学家、农学家、植物学家和农业气候学家共同努力，对乌拉尔和伏尔加河流域的自然特征进行了大量研究。然而，迄今为止，这些自然区域的土壤资源研究仍然不够充分，土地生产力在许多情况下仍处于较低水平。\n分析乌拉尔和伏尔加河流域各地区土壤研究现状、确定进一步研究的方向以及提高土地生产力的途径，已成为当务之急。为此，1959年4月6日在乌法召开了乌拉尔和伏尔加河流域跨区域土壤学家会议。参加会议的有巴什基尔和鞑靼共和国、古比雪夫州、斯维尔德洛夫斯克州、库尔干州、高尔基州、奥伦堡州、车里雅宾斯克州、乌克兰及莫斯科市的土壤学家。\n与会者交流了各自的工作经验，并详细讨论了土壤学家在最近七年面临的主要任务。\n会议特别关注了农业土壤区划、土壤分类和等级评定、大比例尺制图以及提高土壤肥力的农业技术措施。\n会议还详细讨论了土壤成因、土壤的生物学、物理学和化学性质等问题。\n经过讨论，会议通过了关于协调土壤学研究工作以及明确野外和室内土壤研究方法与原则的决议。\n会议特别强调了大力开展大比例尺制图工作和组织跨区域综合土壤研究的必要性。\n本论文集发表的会议材料必将有助于动员土壤学家为解决我国七年国民经济发展计划所提出的重大而严肃的任务而努力。\n(该内容为AI翻译，不保证翻译准确率，详情请参照原文）
", "ds_source": "作者（编委会）：С. Н.塔伊奇诺夫, М. Ф.克鲁茨基, И. В.乌佳伊, Н. К.克鲁普斯基, Д. И.布罗夫, Ю. А.乌斯马诺夫, Г. В.瓦赫鲁舍夫, А. Ф.巴哈列娃, В. Н.卡拉瓦耶夫, Я. И.瓦纽科夫, П. И.阿尔佳耶夫, Г. А.斯克拉罗夫, А. С.沙龙诺娃, Г. Н.雷萨克, Н. И.福尔梅尔, В. М.图罗夫采夫, М. М.梅里诺夫, М. С.希加耶夫, М. Ф.克鲁奇金, Г. С.斯莫罗金, Ф. Ш.加里富林, П. А.库尔列耶夫, М. Н.布兰古洛娃, З. В.莫谢耶娃, М. П.奇梅列夫, Б. А.列别杰夫\n（С. Н. Тайчинов, М. Ф. Круцкий, И. В. Утяй, Н. К. Крупский, Д. И. Буров, Ю. А. Усманов, Г. В. Вахрушев, А. Ф. Бахарева, В. Н. Караваев, Я. И. Ванюков, П. И. Артяев, Г. А. Скларов, А. С. Шаронова, Г. Н. Лысак, Н. И. Фольмер, В. М. Туровцев, М. М. Меринов, М. С. Шигаев, М. Ф. Кручкин, Г. С. Смородин, Ф. Ш. Гарифуллин, П. А. Курлеев, М. Н. Бурангулова, З. В. Мосеева, М. П. Чмелев, Б. А. Лебедев）\n出版社：Академия наук СССР, Башкирский филиал, Институт биологии, Башкирское отделение Всесоюзного общества почвоведов\n出版地：乌法\n出版年：1960年\n页数：293页 \n语种：俄文\n馆藏条形码：XJLAS RU 70020233
", "ds_process_way": "本书为中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所文献信息中心（以下简称中心）馆藏文献，中心将本书电子化后存储，已经过OCR识别，数据加工过程依据国家标准《GB/T 31219.2-2014图书馆馆藏资源数字化加工规范》，完全遵照《乌拉尔和伏尔加河流域土壤研究资料》的数据信息，未改动删减。
", "ds_quality": "本书为中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所文献信息中心（以下简称中心）馆藏文献，中心将本书电子化后存储，已经过OCR识别，数据加工过程依据国家标准《GB/T 31219.2-2014图书馆馆藏资源数字化加工规范》，完全遵照《乌拉尔和伏尔加河流域土壤研究资料》的数据信息，未改动删减。
", "ds_acq_start_time": "2025-08-08 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2025-08-30 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "苏联", "ds_acq_lon_east": null, "ds_acq_lat_south": null, "ds_acq_lon_west": null, "ds_acq_lat_north": null, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "apply-access", "ds_total_size": 28033153, "ds_files_count": 1, "ds_format": ".PDF格式", "ds_space_res": null, "ds_time_res": "", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "", "ds_thumbnail": "6f511db8-b830-4738-903d-575b8f570aba.png", "ds_thumb_from": 0, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "a5877b42-96ea-4f13-af7e-246f355413d6", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "210.5020" ], "quality_level": 1, "publish_time": "2026-09-18 16:22:33", "first_publish_time": null, "last_updated": "2026-09-21 19:30:11", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "33110.11.ariddc.01692", "license": null, "extra": null, "files_shape": [ { "name": "20250808002(XJLASRU70020233).pdf", "size": 28033153, "is_dir": false } ], "features": null, "data_level": 0, "i18n": { "en": { "title": "Soil research data in the Ural and Volga River Basin", "ds_abstract": "In the plan for the development of the national economy of the Soviet Union during 1959-1965, measures aimed at increasing crop yields and improving the productivity of socially organized livestock farming occupied an important place. To successfully accomplish these tasks, it was necessary to conduct detailed studies of the country's soil cover in order to assess soil quality, identify new land resources suitable for agricultural production, and comprehensively investigate the agricultural productivity characteristics of soils for the development of regionally adapted agronomic and organizational-economic measures.\r\n\r\nThrough the joint efforts of soil scientists, agronomists, botanists, and agricultural climatologists, extensive studies were carried out on the natural characteristics of the Ural and Volga River regions. Nevertheless, the investigation of soil resources in these natural regions remained insufficient, and land productivity in many areas continued to be relatively low.\r\n\r\nAn analysis of the current state of soil research in the various regions of the Urals and the Volga basin, the identification of directions for future investigations, and the development of methods for increasing land productivity had become urgent tasks. For this purpose, an interregional conference of soil scientists from the Ural and Volga regions was convened in Ufa on April 6, 1959. The participants included soil scientists from the Bashkir and Tatar republics, Kuibyshev Oblast, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Kurgan Oblast, Gorky Oblast, Orenburg Oblast, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Ukraine, and the city of Moscow.\r\n\r\nConference participants exchanged experiences from their work and engaged in detailed discussions of the principal tasks facing soil scientists during the forthcoming seven-year period.\r\n\r\nParticular attention was devoted to agricultural soil regionalization, soil classification and grading, large-scale soil mapping, and agronomic measures aimed at improving soil fertility.\r\n\r\nThe conference also discussed in detail issues concerning soil genesis and the biological, physical, and chemical properties of soils.\r\n\r\nFollowing these discussions, the conference adopted resolutions concerning the coordination of soil-science research and the clarification of methods and principles for both field and laboratory soil investigations.\r\n\r\nSpecial emphasis was placed on the necessity of expanding large-scale mapping activities and organizing comprehensive interregional soil studies.\r\n\r\nThe materials of the conference published in this volume will undoubtedly help mobilize soil scientists to address the major and demanding tasks set forth in the Seven-Year National Economic Development Plan.", "ds_source": "Authors (Editorial Board):\r\n S. N. Taichinov, M. F. Krutsky, I. V. Utyai, N. K. Krupsky, D. I. Burov, Yu. A. Usmanov, G. V. Vakhrushev, A. F. Bakhareva, V. N. Karavaev, Ya. I. Vanyukov, P. I. Artyaev, G. A. Sklarov, A. S. Sharonova, G. N. Lysak, N. I. Folmer, V. M. Turovtsev, M. M. Merinov, M. S. Shigaev, M. F. Kruchkin, G. S. Smorodin, F. Sh. Garifullin, P. A. Kurleev, M. N. Burangulova, Z. V. Moseeva, M. P. Chmelev, B. A. Lebedev\r\n\r\n(С. Н. Тайчинов, М. Ф. Круцкий, И. В. Утяй, Н. К. Крупский, Д. И. Буров, Ю. А. Усманов, Г. В. Вахрушев, А. Ф. Бахарева, В. Н. Караваев, Я. И. Ванюков, П. И. Артяев, Г. А. Скларов, А. С. Шаронова, Г. Н. Лысак, Н. И. Фольмер, В. М. Туровцев, М. М. Меринов, М. С. Шигаев, М. Ф. Кручкин, Г. С. Смородин, Ф. Ш. Гарифуллин, П. А. Курлеев, М. Н. Бурангулова, З. В. Мосеева, М. П. Чмелев, Б. А. Лебедев)\r\n\r\nPublisher:\r\n Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Bashkir Branch, Institute of Biology, Bashkir Division of the All-Union Society of Soil Scientists\r\n\r\nPlace of Publication:\r\n Ufa\r\n\r\nYear of Publication:\r\n 1960\r\n\r\nNumber of Pages:\r\n 293 pages\r\n\r\nLanguage:\r\n Russian\r\nLibrary Barcode:\r\n XJLAS RU 70020233", "ds_process_way": "This book is the collection of the Documentation and Information Center of the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, China Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as the Center). The center has stored the book electronically and has been recognized by OCR. The data processing process is in accordance with the national standard \"GB/T 31219.2-2014 Specifications for Digital Processing of Library Collection Resources\", and fully complies with the data information of \"Soil Research Materials of the Ural and Volga River Basin\" without modification or deletion.
", "ds_quality": "This book is the collection of the Documentation and Information Center of the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, China Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as the Center). The center has stored the book electronically and has been recognized by OCR. The data processing process is in accordance with the national standard \"GB/T 31219.2-2014 Specifications for Digital Processing of Library Collection Resources\", and fully complies with the data information of \"Soil Research Materials of the Ural and Volga River Basin\" without modification or deletion.
", "ds_acq_place": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_format": ".PDF format", "ds_projection": "", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_time_res": "" } }, "license_type": null, "doi_reg_from": "reg_local", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_local", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "乌拉尔", "伏尔加河", "土壤", "苏联" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "土壤地理学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "乌拉尔", "伏尔加河", "土壤" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 1960 ], "ds_contributors": [ "文献信息中心" ], "ds_meta_authors": [ "文献信息中心" ], "ds_managers": [ "文献信息中心" ], "category": "图书" }