塔里木盆地是亚洲中部的一个巨型洼地。这个中华人民共和国新疆维吾尔自治区的南部地区长期以来吸引着科学家的关注。该盆地的内陆位置以及被天山、帕米尔和昆仑山等最高山脉所隔绝的深度地理封闭性，决定了这片广阔沙漠地带的极端干旱，其独特而不可复制的自然使得研究任务既诱人又令人神往。但盆地内部被一望无际的塔克拉玛干沙漠占据，周围环绕着最高的山脉，难以进入，这导致中国这一地区的研究程度很低。\n1959年，中华人民共和国科学院新疆综合考察队对塔里木盆地和昆仑山进行了研究，继续了自1956年开始的旨在为该地区荒漠平原农业开发而研究新疆自然条件和资源的工作。在这支有苏联科学家参加的考察队中，得以完成了一系列有趣的路线考察。这使得有可能重新认识塔里木盆地南部的自然条件。考察队中有不同专业的科学家：水文学家、地貌学家、水文地质学家、植物学家、土壤学家、土壤改良专家、昆虫学家、农学家、经济学家。在新疆综合考察队之前，从未有这么多不同专业的自然科学工作者在昆仑山共同工作。因此，中华人民共和国科学院在该国最西部进行的研究，在一定程度上填补了亚洲中部地图上的“空白”。此前几年的工作已部分反映在1959年和1960年于北京和莫斯科以中文和俄文出版的《新疆的自然条件》论文集中。本论文集收录的文章是根据考察队1959年野外工作期间收集的材料完成的。其中主要关注地形构造与成因、水文特征、土壤植被覆盖规律、塔里木盆地荒漠景观技术等问题。所发表的材料是中华人民共和国和苏联科学家合作的成果。\n在苏联科学院工作人员的文章中，还收录了中国学者周自若和赵骥的论文，该文致力于分析亚洲中部现代地理学中最有趣的问题——塔里木河的迁徙，塔里木河是南疆地区最大的河流。作者根据对塔里木河的实地调查以及对中国历史编年史的研究结果，成功地追溯了该河在几个世纪以来因在冲积平原上不断改道而发生的变化。希望新疆综合考察队的著作出版不会止步于这本文集。它应该以考察队的最终系列著作作为结束。其中一些著作计划也用俄文发表。这将为苏联科学家提供中亚和亚洲中部自然地理的大量对比材料，并使他们能够清晰地了解整个亚洲沙漠从西部的里海到东部的黄河的完整面貌。\n
", "ds_source": "作者（编委会）：中国科学院西比贾斯卡亚综合考察队（Сибирско-Китайская Экспедиция Ан Кнр）\n出版社：Издательство Академии наук СССР\n出版地：莫斯科\n出版年：1961年\n页数：211页 \n语种：俄文\n馆藏条形码：XJLAS RU 70000300\n
", "ds_process_way": "本书为中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所文献信息中心（以下简称中心）馆藏文献，中心将本书电子化后存储，未经过OCR识别，数据加工过程依据国家标准《GB/T 31219.2-2014图书馆馆藏资源数字化加工规范》，完全遵照《昆仑山与塔里木的自然环境纲要》的数据信息，未改动删减。\n
", "ds_quality": "对收集到的《昆仑山与塔里木的自然环境纲要》进行电子化加工处理，按照国家标准《GB/T 31219.2-2014图书馆馆藏资源数字化加工规范》要求，未改动删减《昆仑山与塔里木的自然环境纲要》的数据信息，数据质量可靠。\n
", "ds_acq_start_time": "2025-07-10 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2025-07-10 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "中国", "ds_acq_lon_east": null, "ds_acq_lat_south": null, "ds_acq_lon_west": null, "ds_acq_lat_north": null, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "apply-access", "ds_total_size": 90840669, "ds_files_count": 1, "ds_format": "PDF格式", "ds_space_res": "无", "ds_time_res": "无", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "无", "ds_thumbnail": "3ece5fbf-113f-491a-bdb3-cd03028c4aa1.jpg", "ds_thumb_from": 2, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "a5877b42-96ea-4f13-af7e-246f355413d6", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "170.4510" ], "quality_level": 1, "publish_time": "2026-09-17 16:29:22", "first_publish_time": null, "last_updated": "2026-09-17 16:29:22", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "33110.11.ariddc.02052", "license": null, "extra": null, "files_shape": [ { "name": "20250710004(XJLASRU70000300).pdf", "size": 90840669, "is_dir": false } ], "features": null, "data_level": 0, "i18n": { "en": { "title": "", "ds_abstract": "This book is a comprehensive book on the history of geographical discovery in Russia. It systematically examines Russia's exploration activities and geographical cognition in the Arctic, Pacific, Antarctic, Central Asia and surrounding areas from the 17th century to the early 20th century. The book focuses on characters and events, covering Romonosov's vision of the Northeast Passage, the first circumnavigation (Krusenstenn and Lysyansky), the Kamchatka Expedition (Kraseninnikov), the discovery of the Pacific Ocean and the Antarctic, the study of Central Asia and the Aral Sea (Butakov), and the contribution of a group of outstanding geographers such as Voyeikov, Komarov, Semenov-Tianshansky, and Przhevarsky. The book also specifically discusses Daukuchayev's theory of geographical zones and Vilnatsky's influence on geography. In addition, the author also focuses on early Russians 'understanding of America and England, the evolution of the Caspian Sea map, and the compilation of the Kirilov atlas. The book is rich in content and detailed in historical materials, providing an important reference for studying the history of Russian geography and world geographical discoveries from the 18th to 19th centuries.\r\n
", "ds_source": "Author (Editorial Board): Sibijaskaya Comprehensive Expedition Team of China Academy of Sciences (Сиби р с ко-К итайс к а я к спеди н к и я А н к р)\r\nPublished by: 丨 зд а т ельс тво А к а д еми наук С С С С С СР\r\nPublished: Moscow\r\nYear of publication: 1961\r\nPages: 211 pages \r\nLanguage: Russian\r\nCollection barcode: XJLAS RU 70000300\r\n
", "ds_process_way": "This book is the collection of the Documentation and Information Center of the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, China Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as the Center). The center stores the book electronically without OCR recognition. The data processing process is in accordance with the national standard \"GB/T 31219.2-2014 Specifications for Digital Processing of Library Collection Resources\", and fully complies with the data information of the \"Outline of the Natural Environment of Kunlun Mountains and Tarim\" without modification or deletion.\r\n
", "ds_quality": "The collected \"Outline of the Natural Environment of Kunlun Mountains and Tarim\" was electronically processed. In accordance with the requirements of the national standard \"GB/T 31219.2-2014 Code for Digital Processing of Library Collection Resources\", the \"Kunlun Mountains and Tarim\" was unchanged and deleted. The data information of the Outline of the Natural Environment is reliable.\r\n
", "ds_acq_place": "China", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_format": "PDF format", "ds_projection": "no", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_time_res": "" } }, "license_type": null, "doi_reg_from": "reg_local", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_local", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "塔里木河", "水文", "地质", "土壤改良", "地貌" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "自然地理学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "中国" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 1961 ], "ds_contributors": [ "文献信息中心" ], "ds_meta_authors": [ "文献信息中心" ], "ds_managers": [ "文献信息中心" ], "category": "图书" }