当前，随着哈萨克苏维埃社会主义共和国工业化的快速推进和农业的集约化发展，林业工作者面临着正确利用并及时恢复共和国森林资源的紧迫任务。\n在此过程中，应特别关注山区和荒漠森林，这些森林当前正被越来越多、越来越密集地利用。在这些森林中，必须采用能确保其更新并保持其防护功能的采伐方式。\n哈萨克斯坦的林业工作者需要找到途径，以消除当前存在的采伐与采伐迹地更新之间的脱节现象。\n林业工作者，包括哈萨克斯坦的林业工作者，面临着改善林业经营状况的重大任务。共和国的林业工作者必须在第六个五年计划期间实施一系列重要的林业经营措施。特别是，需要在1960年前完成所有第一类和第二类森林的经营规划，并在已完成森林经营的共和国和各州制定林业发展总体规划。每个州和共和国都应制定措施，争取在1960年前通过将单位森林面积的平均生长量提高至少10-15%来增加森林面积的生产力。需要指出的是，哈萨克苏维埃社会主义共和国此类措施的方案已于1957年初制定完成，目前正在实施。此外，林业机构有责任对森林的卫生状况建立严格监督，加强防火保护，并大规模开展用经济价值高、生长迅速的树种恢复森林的工作。\n为了正确解决这些任务，必须研究森林生长条件和天然生长的乔灌木树种，摸清其数量和在该共和国境内的分布情况，研究引进外来树种的条件，发掘改造现有林分的可能性，并解决一系列与在科学基础上建立林业经营体系相关的其他问题。\n但迄今为止，关于哈萨克苏维埃社会主义共和国的林业文献，尚缺乏全面概述其整体及各州森林资源现状的综述性材料。\n本著作是该领域的一次初步尝试。书中对森林进行了总体描述，指出了其在国民经济中的意义，提供了森林经理学和森林类型学特征，划分了森林植被带，阐述了林业研究状况，并涉及了关于共和国森林和木本植物区系总体特征的一系列其他问题。关于林业经营的问题——如土地规划、森林经营规划、森林利用、森林更新措施、森林保护与防护等——将作为本著作的续篇，成为另一项独立研究的主题。\n在撰写过程中，利用了作者近三十年来在哈萨克斯坦从事林业工作的个人观察和收集的材料，并对哈萨克苏维埃社会主义共和国林业总局的大量档案资料以及一系列关于共和国森林的文献进行了分析。\n本著作并非旨在绝对全面地涵盖森林研究和特征描述的所有问题。作者的任务是提供共和国森林原料资源的总体概述，并提供其特征描述的必要数据，以期对林业和农业领域的生产及科研工作者的实际工作提供帮助。\n作者也希望，书中提供的资料和信息能使广大读者更好地了解我们共和国的自然财富。许多中等和高等农业及林业院校的学生也将从中找到有用的知识。\n作者将感谢所有有助于改进本著作内容的批评意见、建议和期望。
", "ds_source": "作者（编委会）：М.В.古多岑(М.В.Гудочкин)П.С. 恰班(П.С.Чабан)\n出版社：Казахское государственное издательство\n出版地：阿拉木图\n出版年：1958年\n页数：322页\n语种：俄文\n馆藏条形码：XJLAS RU 70023960
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", "ds_acq_start_time": "2025-09-30 00:00:00", "ds_acq_end_time": "2025-09-30 00:00:00", "ds_acq_place": "苏联", "ds_acq_lon_east": null, "ds_acq_lat_south": null, "ds_acq_lon_west": null, "ds_acq_lat_north": null, "ds_acq_alt_low": null, "ds_acq_alt_high": null, "ds_share_type": "login-access", "ds_total_size": 173479862, "ds_files_count": 1, "ds_format": "PDF格式", "ds_space_res": "无", "ds_time_res": "无", "ds_coordinate": "无", "ds_projection": "无", "ds_thumbnail": "38738bda-0711-4487-8305-65cd32d1bf58.png", "ds_thumb_from": 0, "ds_ref_way": "", "paper_ref_way": "", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_from_station": null, "organization_id": "a5877b42-96ea-4f13-af7e-246f355413d6", "doi_value": "", "subject_codes": [ "220.30" ], "quality_level": 1, "publish_time": "2026-09-16 17:16:05", "first_publish_time": null, "last_updated": "2026-09-16 17:16:05", "protected": false, "protected_to": null, "lang": "zh", "cstr": "33110.11.ariddc.02371", "license": null, "extra": null, "files_shape": [ { "name": "202508210002（XJLASRU70023960）双层.pdf", "size": 173479862, "is_dir": false } ], "features": null, "data_level": 0, "i18n": { "en": { "title": "The forests of Kazakhstan", "ds_abstract": "At present, with the rapid advancement of industrialization and the intensive development of agriculture in the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, forestry workers face the urgent task of ensuring the proper utilization and timely restoration of the Republic’s forest resources.\r\n\r\nIn this process, special attention should be paid to mountain and desert forests, which are currently being utilized more extensively and more intensively than ever before. In these forests, harvesting methods must be employed that ensure regeneration while preserving their protective functions.\r\n\r\nForestry workers in Kazakhstan must find ways to eliminate the existing gap between timber harvesting and the regeneration of logged areas.\r\n\r\nForestry workers, including those in Kazakhstan, face the important task of improving forest management practices. During the Sixth Five-Year Plan, the Republic’s forestry personnel must implement a series of major forestry measures. In particular, management plans for all Category I and Category II forests should be completed by 1960, and comprehensive forestry development plans should be prepared for the Republic and its regions wherever forest management planning has been completed. Every region and the Republic as a whole should adopt measures aimed at increasing forest productivity by raising the average annual increment per unit forest area by at least 10–15 percent by 1960. It should be noted that a program of such measures for the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic was completed in early 1957 and is currently being implemented. In addition, forestry authorities are responsible for maintaining strict supervision of forest health conditions, strengthening fire protection, and carrying out large-scale forest regeneration using fast-growing and economically valuable tree species.\r\n\r\nTo address these tasks properly, it is necessary to study forest growth conditions and naturally occurring tree and shrub species, determine their abundance and distribution throughout the Republic, investigate the conditions for introducing exotic species, explore possibilities for improving existing forest stands, and resolve a number of other issues related to establishing a scientifically based forestry management system.\r\n\r\nHowever, to date, the forestry literature of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic lacks comprehensive review materials that provide an overall picture of the current condition of forest resources in the Republic and its individual regions.\r\n\r\nThe present work represents an initial attempt to fill this gap. It provides a general description of the forests, discusses their significance to the national economy, presents forestry-management and forest-typological characteristics, identifies forest-vegetation zones, reviews the state of forestry research, and addresses a number of other issues concerning the general characteristics of the Republic’s forests and woody flora. Questions of forest management, including land-use planning, forest inventory and management planning, forest utilization, reforestation measures, and forest protection and conservation, will be treated in a subsequent volume and will constitute the subject of a separate study.\r\n\r\nIn preparing this work, the author drew upon personal observations and materials collected during nearly thirty years of forestry work in Kazakhstan. Extensive archival materials from the Main Forestry Administration of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, together with a wide range of published literature concerning the Republic’s forests, were also analyzed.\r\n\r\nThis work does not seek to provide an absolutely exhaustive treatment of all aspects of forest research and description. Rather, the author’s aim is to present a general overview of the Republic’s forest resources and to supply essential data describing their characteristics, thereby assisting practitioners and researchers engaged in forestry and agriculture.\r\n\r\nThe author also hopes that the information and materials presented in this book will help a broad readership gain a better understanding of the natural wealth of our Republic. Students of secondary and higher agricultural and forestry educational institutions will likewise find useful knowledge in its pages.\r\n\r\nThe author will be grateful for any criticisms, suggestions, and recommendations that contribute to improving the content of this work.", "ds_source": "Author (Editorial Board): Mr.В. Gudozen (Minh.В.Гудочкин)П.С. Chaban (.С.Чабан)\r\nPublished by: К а з а в с к о е го суд арс т в е н н о е из д а т ельс т в о\r\nPublished: Almaty\r\nPublication year: 1958\r\nPages: 322\r\nLanguage: Russian\r\nCollection barcode: XJLAS RU 70023960", "ds_process_way": "This book is the collection of the Documentation and Information Center of the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, China Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as the Center). The center has stored the book electronically and has been recognized by OCR. The data processing process is in accordance with the national standard \"GB/T 31219.2-2014 Specifications for Digital Processing of Library Collection Resources\" and fully complies with the data information of \"Forests of Kazakhstan\" without modification or deletion.", "ds_quality": "The collected \"Forests of Kazakhstan\" were processed electronically. In accordance with the requirements of the national standard \"GB/T 31219.2-2014 Code for Digital Processing of Library Collection Resources,\" the data information of \"Forests of Kazakhstan\" was not changed and deleted, and the data quality was reliable.", "ds_acq_place": "Soviet Union", "ds_ref_instruction": "", "ds_ref_way": "", "ds_format": "PDF format", "ds_projection": "no", "ds_space_res": "", "ds_time_res": "" } }, "license_type": null, "doi_reg_from": "reg_local", "cstr_reg_from": "reg_local", "doi_not_reg_reason": null, "cstr_not_reg_reason": null, "is_paper_in_submitting": false, "ds_topic_tags": [ "森林资源", "植被地理" ], "ds_subject_tags": [ "森林保护学" ], "ds_class_tags": [], "ds_locus_tags": [ "哈萨克斯坦苏维埃社会主义共和国" ], "ds_time_tags": [ 1958 ], "ds_contributors": [ "文献信息中心" ], "ds_meta_authors": [ "文献信息中心" ], "ds_managers": [ "文献信息中心" ], "category": "图书" }